domains / data / us-treasury-fiscal-data-api / usfiscaldata

usfiscaldata

Skill card

combined

Both copies describe the same U.S. Treasury Fiscal Data API skill, but they disagree on several endpoint paths and dataset counts, and each contains material steps the other lacks. The K-Dense copy adds an installation step, a compatibility note, a timeout on requests, a reference to a bounded fetch_all() helper, and a detailed exchange-rate interpretation note. The Vibe-Skills copy adds an automatic aggregation pattern and a different set of reference files. Because the endpoint paths differ (e.g., historical debt, I-bonds, savings bonds, MTS table count), crowning one copy would hide a real alternative and could lead to incorrect API calls.

Repositories

Other copies

Combined skill

---
name: usfiscaldata
description: Query the U.S. Treasury Fiscal Data API for federal financial data including national debt, government spending, revenue, interest rates, exchange rates, and savings bonds. No API key required.
license: MIT
compatibility: Requires Python 3.10+ with requests and pandas for Python examples; R with httr and jsonlite for R examples. Requires network access; no credentials.
allowed-tools: Read Write Edit Bash
metadata:
  version: "1.5"
  last-reviewed: "2026-09-30"
  skill-author: K-Dense Inc.
---

# U.S. Treasury Fiscal Data API

Free, open REST API from the U.S. Department of the Treasury for federal financial data. No API key or registration required.

**Base URL:** `https://api.fiscaldata.treasury.gov/services/api/fiscal_service`

Browse [the current dataset catalog](https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov/datasets/) via the dataset search. Verify endpoint paths on each dataset's API Quick Guide — paths change over time.

## Installation

```bash
uv pip install requests pandas
```

## Quick Start

```python
import requests
import pandas as pd

BASE_URL = "https://api.fiscaldata.treasury.gov/services/api/fiscal_service"

# Get the current national debt (Debt to the Penny)
resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/v2/accounting/od/debt_to_penny", params={
    "sort": "-record_date",
    "page[size]": 1
}, timeout=30)
resp.raise_for_status()
data = resp.json()["data"][0]
print(f"Total public debt as of {data['record_date']}: ${float(data['tot_pub_debt_out_amt']):,.0f}")
```

```python
# Preview Treasury exchange-rate rows for recent quarters (first page only)
resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/v1/accounting/od/rates_of_exchange", params={
    "fields": "country_currency_desc,exchange_rate,record_date,effective_date",
    "filter": "record_date:gte:2024-01-01",
    "sort": "-record_date",
    "page[size]": 100
}, timeout=30)
resp.raise_for_status()
df = pd.DataFrame(resp.json()["data"])
```

## Authentication

None required. The API is fully open and free.

## Core Parameters

| Parameter | Example | Description |
|-----------|---------|-------------|
| `fields=` | `fields=record_date,tot_pub_debt_out_amt` | Select specific columns |
| `filter=` | `filter=record_date:gte:2024-01-01` | Filter records |
| `sort=` | `sort=-record_date` | Sort (prefix `-` for descending) |
| `format=` | `format=json` | Output format: `json`, `csv`, `xml` |
| `page[size]=` | `page[size]=100` | Records per page (default 100) |
| `page[number]=` | `page[number]=2` | Page index (starts at 1) |

**Filter operators:** `lt`, `lte`, `gt`, `gte`, `eq`, `in`

```python
# Multiple filters separated by comma
"filter=country_currency_desc:in:(Canada-Dollar,Mexico-Peso),record_date:gte:2024-01-01"
```

## Key Datasets & Endpoints

### Debt

| Dataset | Endpoint | Frequency |
|---------|----------|-----------|
| Debt to the Penny | `/v2/accounting/od/debt_to_penny` | Daily |
| Historical Debt Outstanding | `/v2/accounting/od/debt_outstanding` | Annual |
| Schedules of Federal Debt | `/v1/accounting/od/schedules_fed_debt` | Monthly |

### Daily & Monthly Statements

| Dataset | Endpoint | Frequency |
|---------|----------|-----------|
| DTS Operating Cash Balance | `/v1/accounting/dts/operating_cash_balance` | Daily |
| DTS Deposits & Withdrawals | `/v1/accounting/dts/deposits_withdrawals_operating_cash` | Daily |
| Monthly Treasury Statement (MTS) | `/v1/accounting/mts/mts_table_1` (18 tables — see [datasets-fiscal.md](references/datasets-fiscal.md)) | Monthly |

### Interest Rates & Exchange

| Dataset | Endpoint | Frequency |
|---------|----------|-----------|
| Average Interest Rates on Treasury Securities | `/v2/accounting/od/avg_interest_rates` | Monthly |
| Treasury Reporting Rates of Exchange | `/v1/accounting/od/rates_of_exchange` | Quarterly |
| Interest Expense on Public Debt | `/v2/accounting/od/interest_expense` | Monthly |

**Exchange-rate interpretation:** Treasury Reporting Rates are foreign-currency units per USD, so divide a foreign-currency amount by the rate to obtain USD (and multiply USD to obtain foreign currency). These are government reporting rates, not live trading quotes. Preserve both `record_date` and `effective_date`, and check amendments before applying a rate to a reporting period.

### Securities & Auctions

| Dataset | Endpoint | Frequency |
|---------|----------|-----------|
| Treasury Securities Auctions Data | `/v1/accounting/od/auctions_query` | As Needed |
| Treasury Securities Upcoming Auctions | `/v1/accounting/od/upcoming_auctions` | As Needed |
| Treasury Securities Buybacks | `/v1/accounting/od/buybacks_operations` | As Needed |

### Savings Bonds

| Dataset | Endpoint | Frequency |
|---------|----------|-----------|
| I Bonds Interest Rates | `/v1/accounting/od/i_bonds_interest_rates` | Semi-Annual |
| Savings Bonds Issues, Redemptions & Maturities | `/v1/accounting/od/savings_bonds_report` | Monthly |

## Response Structure

```json
{
  "data": [...],
  "meta": {
    "count": 100,
    "total-count": 3790,
    "total-pages": 38,
    "labels": {"field_name": "Human Readable Label"},
    "dataTypes": {"field_name": "STRING|NUMBER|DATE|CURRENCY"},
    "dataFormats": {"field_name": "String|10.2|YYYY-MM-DD"}
  },
  "links": {"self": "...", "first": "...", "prev": null, "next": "...", "last": "..."}
}
```

**Note:** Data-row values are returned as strings; metadata counts are JSON numbers. Convert as needed (e.g., `float()`, `pd.to_datetime()`). Null values appear as the string `"null"`.

## Common Patterns

### Load all pages into a DataFrame

Use the bounded `fetch_all()` helper in [parameters.md](references/parameters.md). For small result sets, a single request with `page[size]=10000` may suffice when `meta.total-pages` is 1.

```python
# Single-page fetch when total-pages == 1
params = {"sort": "-record_date", "page[size]": 10000}
resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}{endpoint}", params=params, timeout=30)
resp.raise_for_status()
df = pd.DataFrame(resp.json()["data"])
```

### Aggregation (automatic sum)

Omitting grouping fields triggers automatic aggregation:

```python
# Sum all deposits/withdrawals by record_date and transaction type
resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/v1/accounting/dts/deposits_withdrawals_operating_cash", params={
    "fields": "record_date,transaction_type,transaction_today_amt"
}, timeout=30)
resp.raise_for_status()
```

## Reference Files

- **[api-basics.md](references/api-basics.md)** — URL structure, HTTP methods, versioning, data types
- **[parameters.md](references/parameters.md)** — All parameters with detailed examples and edge cases
- **[datasets-debt.md](references/datasets-debt.md)** — Debt datasets: Debt to the Penny, Historical Debt, Schedules of Federal Debt, TROR
- **[datasets-fiscal.md](references/datasets-fiscal.md)** — Daily Treasury Statement, Monthly Treasury Statement, revenue, spending
- **[datasets-interest-rates.md](references/datasets-interest-rates.md)** — Interest rates and exchange rates

## Conflicts

- **K-Dense-AI/scientific-agent-skills** uses `/v2/accounting/od/debt_outstanding` for Historical Debt Outstanding; **foryourhealth111-pixel/Vibe-Skills** uses `/v2/accounting/od/historical_debt_outstanding`. Verify the correct path on the dataset's API Quick Guide.
- **K-Dense-AI/scientific-agent-skills** lists 18 MTS tables; **foryourhealth111-pixel/Vibe-Skills** lists 16 MTS tables. Verify the current table count on the dataset catalog.
- **K-Dense-AI/scientific-agent-skills** uses `/v1/accounting/od/i_bonds_interest_rates` for I Bonds; **foryourhealth111-pixel/Vibe-Skills** uses `/v2/accounting/od/i_bond_interest_rates`. Verify the correct path on the dataset's API Quick Guide.
- **K-Dense-AI/scientific-agent-skills** uses `/v1/accounting/od/savings_bonds_report` for Savings Bonds; **foryourhealth111-pixel/Vibe-Skills** uses `/v1/accounting/od/sb_issues_redemptions`. Verify the correct path on the dataset's API Quick Guide.
- **K-Dense-AI/scientific-agent-skills** includes a Treasury Securities Buybacks endpoint; **foryourhealth111-pixel/Vibe-Skills** omits it. Verify availability on the dataset catalog.